Ingano y'isoko ry'ingufu zikoresha imirasire y'izuba yari miliyari 6.7 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu 2025 kandi biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 12.8 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu mpera za 2035, rikiyongera ku kigero cya CAGR kingana na 7.4% mu gihe cy'iteganyagihe kuva mu 2026 kugeza 2035. Ingano y'inganda zikoresha imirasire y'izuba ikoresha imirasire y'izuba ingana na miliyari 7 z'amadolari y'Amerika mu 2026.
Isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba rikunze kwiyongera cyane, ahanini bitewe n’uko gahunda z’izuba ziyongera mu micungire y’amazu, ubucuruzi n’inganda. Raporo y’Ihuriro ry’Ubukungu bw’Isi ryo muri Gicurasi 2023 (WEF) yagaragaje ko ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa zizaba 35% by’amashanyarazi atangwa ku isi mu mpera za 2025, zivuye kuri 29% muri 2022. Raporo kandi yagaragaje ko amashanyarazi akenewe aziyongeraho 3% buri mwaka kugeza mu 2026, aho ingufu z’izuba ziteganijwe kuba 54% by’ubushobozi bushya bushyirwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 2023.
Byongeye kandi, impinduka ku isi yose ku ngufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa ndetse na politiki za leta zishyigikira zahaye abatangiza imikino amahirwe meza yo kwagura urwego rwabo muri uru rwego. Urugero, raporo ya Minisiteri y’Ingufu ya Amerika yasanze inguzanyo ebyiri z’ingenzi zitanga imisoro zishyigikira iterambere ry’inganda z’ingufu zisukuye mu gihugu: inguzanyo ya 45X ku nganda zigezweho n’inguzanyo ya 48C ku ishoramari mu mishinga y’ingufu zigezweho. Raporo kandi ivuga ko inganda zishoboye zishobora gusaba imwe muri izi nguzanyo zo gukora module z’izuba cyangwa gushora imari mu bushobozi bw’inganda, ibi bizagira ingaruka nziza ku iterambere ry’isoko.
Abitabiriye amahugurwa bakomeye: SMA Solar Technology AG (Ubudage), Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), Jinlong Technology Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), Fronius International GmbH (Otirishiya), Power Electronics SL (Espagne), Delta Electronics Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), SolarEdge Technologies, Inc. (Isirayeli), Enphase Energy, Inc. (Amerika), GOWIN Technologies Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), TMEIC (Ubuyapani), Yaskawa Electric Corporation (Ubuyapani), Growatt New Energy Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), FIMER SpA (Ubutaliyani), ABB Ltd. (Ubusuwisi), Quanta Computer Co., Ltd. (Ubushinwa), LG Electronics (Koreya y'Epfo), na Fimer Group (Ubutaliyani).
Sisitemu zihujwe n’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ziteganijwe kugira igice kinini cy’isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba mu gihe cyasesenguwe, zigera kuri 68.4%. Ibintu by’ingenzi biri inyuma y’ubu buyobozi birimo ibiciro byo gushyiramo ingufu bike na politiki nziza za leta (urugero, gupima ingufu). Guverinoma y’Ubuhinde ivuga ko inzu ya Minisitiri w’Intebe ishinzwe imirasire y’izuba: Muft Bijli Yojana (PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana), yatangijwe muri Gashyantare 2024, igamije guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya sisitemu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba ku bisenge by’amazu, ishoramari rigera kuri miliyari 750.21 z’amadorari y’Amerika (hafi miliyari 9.02 z’amadolari y’Amerika). Byongeye kandi, iyi gahunda itanga inkunga igera kuri miliyari 78.000 z’amadorari y’Amerika (hafi miliyari 939.7 z’amadolari y’Amerika) ku sisitemu zifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu ziri munsi ya kW 3, bityo bigateza imbere iterambere rya sisitemu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zihujwe n’umuyoboro w’izuba.
Dukurikije amakuru aturuka ku bakoresha imirasire y'izuba, abaguzi bo mu mazu bateganijwe kugira uruhare runini rwa 45.8% by'isoko ry'amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y'izuba mu gihe cyasesenguwe. Izamuka ry'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi, kwiyongera kw'abaguzi bashaka kwigenga mu bijyanye n'ingufu, hamwe n'inkunga ikomeye ya leta ni ibintu by'ingenzi bituma uru rwego ruyobora. Uretse inkunga y'imisoro, inyungu zo kwishyura, n'inkunga, ibiciro byo kubika ingufu z'izuba mu mazu nabyo byihutishije ikoreshwa muri uru rwego.
Ku bijyanye n'ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi, inverters zikoresha imirasire y'izuba imwe biteganijwe ko zizagira 42.6% by'isoko ry'amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y'izuba mu mpera za 2035. Iterambere muri iki gice riterwa ahanini no kwaguka kw'inganda zikoresha imirasire y'izuba ku isi, kuko inverters zikoresha imirasire y'izuba imwe zabaye intangarugero muri sisitemu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi yo mu ngo. Muri Nzeri 2024, SolarEdge yatangije igisubizo cy'imiturire gishya kirimo ingufu z'izuba n'ububiko bw'ingufu. Iki gisubizo gifite igishushanyo mbonera cy'amashanyarazi gishobora kwaguka kandi gitanga ingufu zigera kuri 211.2 kWh z'amashanyarazi yo mu rugo rwose. Iki gicuruzwa kigamije kugabanya igihe cyo gushyiraho ho 50% kandi gihuzwa na porogaramu ya SolarEdge ONE kugira ngo inoze imicungire y'ingufu.
Akarere ka Aziya na Pasifika biteganijwe ko kazaba gafite igice kinini cy’isoko ry’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba ku isi mu mpera za 2035, kangana na 52.3%. Uyu mwanya uyoboye uzahura neza n’ibikenewe byo gushyira mu bikorwa byihuse sisitemu nini n’izikoresha amashanyarazi akomoka ku bisenge. Byongeye kandi, za guverinoma zo mu karere ka Aziya na Pasifika zirimo guteza imbere cyane guhuza ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zisubira n’uburyo bwo kubika ingufu, ibyo bikaba ari byo bituma imashini zisubira zikenera. Muri Gicurasi 2025, Sungrow Power yatangaje ko, kubera umwanya wayo uyoboye mu rwego rw’ingufu zisubira muri Ositaraliya, yemejwe ku mugaragaro nk’uruganda rwa mbere rukora inverter n’amashanyarazi yo mu rugo muri Ositaraliya mu 2024 na SunWiz.
Ubushinwa bwiganje ku isoko ry’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, bukaba ari bwo bunini ku isi mu gushyiraho inganda zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, bukaba n’ikigo cy’inganda n’udushya ku isi muri uru rwego. Amasosiyete yo mu gihugu asanzwe afite igice kinini cy’isoko ry’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba kandi arimo kwagura ubushobozi bwazo bwo gukora imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zigezweho, ibyo bikaba bikomeza kwagura isoko. Amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara na Ember muri Kanama 2025 yagaragaje ko ibicuruzwa by’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba mu Bushinwa byageze kuri gigawati 208 mu gice cya mbere cya 2025, aho uturemangingo tw’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba na silicon wafers ari byo birenga 40% by’ibi, bigaragaza impinduka zikomeye mu ngamba z’Ubushinwa zo kohereza imirasire y’izuba.
Ubuhinde burimo kugira iterambere ridasanzwe ku isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba, ahanini bitewe n’intego zikomeye zo guteza imbere ingufu z’izuba, iterambere ry’ibisenge by’inzu n’uburyo bwa PV bukwirakwira, ndetse no gukoresha uburyo bwa hybrid na smart inverter. Nk’uko raporo ya Ember yasohotse muri Kanama 2025 ibigaragaza, kugeza muri Werurwe 2025, ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba mu Buhinde bwageze kuri 68 GW n’ubushobozi bw’uturemangingo tw’izuba bwa 25 GW, ugereranyije na 36 GW na 16 GW by’ubushobozi bushya bwitezwe kuzakoreshwa mu 2024. Mu gihe Ubuhinde bufite intego yo kugera kuri 120 GW by’ubushobozi bw’uturemangingo tw’izuba mu mpera za 2030, mu gice cya mbere cya 2025, Ubuhinde bwari bufite 52% by’ubwiyongere bw’uturemangingo tw’izuba ku isi mu Bushinwa, bukuba kabiri ibicuruzwa byabwo biva kuri 11 GW bukagera kuri 21 GW.
Isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba yo muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru ryitezweho kwiyongera cyane mu myaka iri imbere, ahanini bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’urwego rw’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, ako karere karimo kubona iterambere mu gutanga ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ku bisenge by’amazu n’iby’ubucuruzi, ndetse no kubaka inganda nini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba. Muri Nzeri 2024, GE Vernova yatangaje inverter nshya ya 6 MVA, 2000 VDC, yagenewe kugabanya ikiguzi no kunoza uburyo bwo gushyiramo ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba. Iyi sosiyete kandi yatangaje ubufatanye na Shoals Technologies, ikigo gitanga module za PV, kugira ngo bagerageze inverter ku ruganda rutanga ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba rwo muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zirimo gushimangira umwanya wazo mu isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba mu karere, ahanini bitewe na gahunda za leta zikoresha ingufu zisubira, inkunga y’imisoro ya leta, no gukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba vuba mu bihugu bifite imirasire y’izuba myinshi. Uretse kwiyongera k’ubukene bw’imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zishobora guhuzwa n’ibikorwa remezo by’ikoranabuhanga no gushyigikira uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zivanze cyangwa porogaramu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu naryo ririmo kugaragaza iterambere rikomeye. Byongeye kandi, ingamba za leta na politiki yo gupima ikoreshwa ry’ibipimo byashyizeho uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho iri soko, bitera imbere iterambere ry’isoko.
Kanada irimo kugaragaza ubushobozi bugaragara mu iterambere ry’isoko ry’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, ahanini bitewe n’ingamba zo guhindura ingufu zisukuye. Urugero, muri Nzeri 2025, Canadian Solar yatangaje module yayo y’izuba ikoresha karubone nkeya, ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya heterojunction transistor (HJT) rifite imyuka ya karubone ya kilo 285 gusa CO₂ ingana na kW, imwe mu nkeya cyane mu nganda. Yagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo bunini no mu bucuruzi, iyi module itanga ingufu zigera kuri W 660 n’ubushobozi bwa 24.4%, bigatuma abashobora kuzamuka ku isoko batanga icyizere gikomeye.
Biteganijwe ko Uburayi buzakomeza kuba ingenzi ku isoko ry’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba mu gihe kirimo gusuzumwa. Iterambere ry’akarere riterwa n’umuhate waryo ukomeye ku ntego z’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa no kuvugurura imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi. Muri Kamena 2024, Solar Power Europe yatangaje ko inganda z’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba mu Burayi zatangije ku mugaragaro gahunda igamije gushyigikira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umushinga uhuriweho n’ibihugu by’i Burayi, wibanda ku byuma bikoresha imirasire y’izuba, kugira ngo bikomeze urusobe rw’inganda zikora inverter mu karere.
Ubudage bukomeje kugira umwanya ukomeye ku isoko ry’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba bitewe na politiki yabwo ikora neza y’ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa ndetse n’ubushobozi bushya bw’inganda zikora mu gihugu. Muri Nzeri 2025, SMA Solar Technology AG yatangaje ko yashyize umukono ku masezerano y’ubufatanye mu guteza imbere imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zo mu gisekuru gitaha na sisitemu z’ingufu za PowerSkid. Ubu bufatanye buzashimangira aho inganda z’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba mu Budage ku rwego mpuzamahanga, burusheho kunoza ipiganwa ryabwo ku isi, kandi buteze imbere iterambere rishingiye ku kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
Ubwongereza bukomeje kuba ingenzi mu isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba inshuro nyinshi, ahanini bitewe n’iterambere ry’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba ku bisenge by’amazu n’ibikoresho bito by’ubucuruzi bikoresha imirasire y’izuba, ndetse n’inkunga ya leta yo gutanga amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba ku miyoboro y’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi akoresha imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi. Izamuka ry’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi, ikoreshwa rya metero zigezweho, no gukenera uburyo bwo gukoresha imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ikora neza cyane nabyo biri gutuma isoko rirushaho kwaguka. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rya microinverter ririmo gukundwa cyane mu Bwongereza, ritanga amahirwe menshi ku isoko.
Isoko ry’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba ku isi rirusha andi matsinda kandi rigizwe n’ibice byinshi, aho abakinnyi bakomeye nka Huawei, Sungrow Power, na SMA Solar ari bo biganje ku isoko bitewe n’udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho byinshi ku isi. Byongeye kandi, guhuza inverters na sisitemu z’ubwenge zo gucunga ingufu n’ibisubizo byo kubika ingufu byabaye ubushobozi bw’ingenzi kuri aba bahanga mu guhanga ibicuruzwa byiza. Muri Kanama 2025, ishami rya Amber Enterprises, ILJIN Electronics India, ryaguze imigabane myinshi muri Power-One Micro Systems, bigaragaza ko ryinjiye ku mugaragaro ku isoko ry’Ubuhinde. Iki gikorwa gihuza inverters zikoresha imirasire y’izuba za Power-One, sisitemu zo kubika ingufu, na chargers za EV hamwe n’ubushobozi bwa Amber mu gukora no gukora ubushakashatsi n’iterambere.
Isuzuma ry'ubuntu rikubiyemo amakuru yerekeye ingano y'isoko ririho n'irya kera, uko iterambere ry'ibiciro rihagaze, imbonerahamwe n'imbonerahamwe by'uturere, imyirondoro y'ibigo, n'iteganyagihe ry'ibicuruzwa ku isoko.
Twakiriye ubusabe bwawe bwo kuguha urutonde rw'ibikubiye muri urwo rubuga. Uhagarariye ubushakashatsi bwacu azaguhamagara vuba bishoboka.
Twakiriye ubusabe bwawe bwo gukora raporo y'ubushakashatsi bwihariye. Uhagarariye wacu azaguhamagara vuba bishoboka.
Vishnu Nair ni Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Iterambere ry’Ubucuruzi ku Isi muri Research Nester. Afite uburambe bw’imyaka irenga icumi mu bucuruzi no guteza imbere ubucuruzi, ni umuhanga mu kumenya ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, guteza imbere ibisubizo byihariye, no guteza imbere inyungu binyuze mu bufatanye n’abakiriya mu buryo bw’ingamba, bigatuma ubucuruzi bwaguka kandi bugatera imbere mu buryo bw’ingamba. Ashishikajwe no gusobanukirwa impinduka ziri ku isoko kandi yibanda ku kubona amahirwe ku bakiriya na Research Nester.
Nk'umunyamwuga wibanda ku iterambere, afite uburambe bwinshi mu bushakashatsi ku kwamamaza no gucunga imishinga mu turere dutandukanye, harimo Aziya Pasifika, Uburayi, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, na Afurika, ndetse na Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Amajyepfo. Kuba azi neza imiterere y'inganda byoroshya ibibazo bigoye kandi bigatuma imirimo ikorwa neza, bigatanga inyungu nini ku ishoramari ku bucuruzi mu nzego zitandukanye. Ni umuhanga mu gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo guteza imbere ubucuruzi zijyanye n'intego z'ikigo, kunoza aho isoko riherereye, no kongera amafaranga yinjiza. Aharanira kugumana ubumenyi ku nyubako no gukoresha ingamba nshya kugira ngo agere ku ntego z'ubucuruzi.
Twakiriye ubusabe bwawe bwo gukora raporo y'ubushakashatsi bwihariye. Uhagarariye wacu azaguhamagara vuba bishoboka.
Shweta Singh ni umusesenguzi w’ubushakashatsi w’inararibonye muri Research Nester Private Limited ufite uburambe bw’imyaka irenga itandatu mu mwuga, akaba yihariye mu gutanga ibisubizo by’ubushakashatsi ku isoko n’ubujyanama ku nganda z’ingufu. Ubuhanga bwe bukubiyemo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, birimo ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa (izuba, umuyaga, ingufu z’amazi, biomass), ingufu zikomoka ku bushyuhe, ingufu za kirimbuzi, uruziga ruvanze), ikoranabuhanga rya "smart grid", uburyo bwo kubika ingufu za bateri (BESS), ubukungu bwa hydrogen, n’ibisubizo byo gukoresha neza ingufu.
Shweta azwiho ubushobozi bwe bwo guhindura amakuru agoye ku isoko mu buryo bw’ingamba, agira uruhare runini mu gutanga inama zishingiye ku makuru ku bafatanyabikorwa mu nganda z’ingufu ku isi. Ayobora gutegura raporo z’ubushakashatsi buhuriweho, imishinga y’ubujyanama yihariye, na raporo z’isesengura ry’isoko zijyanye n’intego z’abakiriya, zikubiyemo ibintu nko gucuruza ibicuruzwa, igenamigambi ry’isoko, isesengura ry’amategeko, n’ubuhanga mu guhangana n’ibibazo.
Shweta afite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu isesengura ry’ubucuruzi yakuye muri Kaminuza y’ubushakashatsi ku bya peteroli n’ingufu (UPES), imuha ishingiro rikomeye mu kazi ko gusesengura. Umwuga we uzwiho gushimangira ubuhanga, ubushishozi bwimbitse, no gukoresha neza serivisi zihabwa abakiriya. Afite kandi ubuhanga mu gucunga imishinga no kuyobora itsinda, agenzura ko imishinga y’ubushakashatsi irangizwa ku gihe kandi mu buryo bwiza.
Twakiriye ubusabe bwawe bwo gukora raporo y'ubushakashatsi bwihariye. Uhagarariye wacu azaguhamagara vuba bishoboka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 29 Mata 2026